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Heart disease and coffee HEART DISEASE AND COFFEE
It's probably news you don't want to hear, but coffee is not the best thing for your heart. Coffee affects our metabolism in several ways that place us at increased risk of heart disease. One way that coffee increases our risk of heart disease is by promoting inflammation in our body. A study done in Greece recruited 1514 men (aged 18-87 years) and 1528 women (aged 18-89 years); their blood levels of inflammatory chemicals were analyzed in relation to coffee consumption. When compared to men who drank no coffee at all, men who consumed more than 200mL per day had a 50 percent higher level of interleukin-6 (IL6), a 30 percent higher C-reactive protein level, 12 percent greater serum amyloid-A, 28 percent higher tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels and three percent higher white blood cell counts. For women who consumed 200mL per day of coffee, these figures were even higher. All of these chemicals are indicators of inflammation in the body, and are directly linked to higher rates of heart disease.
Coffee also has the ability to raise blood pressure and damage our blood vessels. An Australian study was conducted on 18 healthy middle aged men and women who consumed 250mg of caffeine per day; this is roughly the amount found in two or three cups of coffee. The study showed that caffeine caused raised blood pressure and made the aorta less elastic and more rigid. The aorta is the largest artery in the body. People who drink coffee have higher amounts of the stress hormones Cortisol and ACTH in their bloodstream than people who don't. These stress hormones can act as free radicals in our body and promote abdominal obesity.
Drinking unfiltered, boiled coffee can raise total cholesterol, LDL "bad" cholesterol and triglycerides if six or more cups are consumed per day. This effect is not present in filtered coffee, as it is the coffee oils found only in unfiltered or boiled coffee that are the culprit. Unfiltered coffee is more common in Europe; ground coffee is placed in a device that goes on the stovetop. Greek coffee is a type of unfiltered, boiled coffee. A more worrying fact is that coffee can raise homocysteine levels; four or more cups per day are required to have this effect. High homocysteine levels are a major risk factor for heart disease because homocysteine causes damage to artery walls and makes platelets stickier. Caffeine also promotes insulin resistance, meaning it makes us more likely to gain weight and develop diabetes. It is okay to enjoy coffee in moderation, approximately two to four cups a day.
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