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Breast lumps: breast pain BREAST LUMPS: BREAST PAIN
Breast pain, or mastalgia, is a symptom rather than a disease, usually of a minor breast condition but occasionally of a more serious one. Although most malignant tumours are relatively painless, the presence of breast pain does not necessarily indicate a benign condition.
Breast pain can sometimes be severe, and some women who suffer from it cannot bear to be touched or cuddled. It may be cyclical, related to the menstrual cycle and occurring before or during a period, or non-cyclical, having no obvious menstrual association.
Cyclical breast pain
Cyclical breast pain can often be relieved by taking painkillers such as aspirin, paracetamol, codeine or stronger drugs which can be prescribed by your doctor. If the breast tissue is inflamed, aspirin will help to deal with this as it has anti-inflammatory as well as pain-killing properties.
Some women find evening primrose oil an effective treatment for cyclical breast pain, and there are some convincing studies which support its use. However, there is controversy amongst members of the medical profession about whether or not this is a placebo effect - the oil itself having no medicinal properties but being effective for those who believe it will be.
For the treatment of very severe period-related breast pain, there are several hormonal agents available, including the contraceptive pill. The sex hormone progesterone can be given in its natural form as Cyclogest pessaries or as one of several synthetic derivatives known as progestogens. Natural or synthetic oestrogens can also be effective. Other drugs may be prescribed which interfere with the action of the sex hormones produced by the body, for example danazol or bromocriptine, but these can cause fluid retention and headaches and make many women feel generally unwell. They are therefore often given as a last resort for cyclical breast pain which cannot be treated by other means.
Non-cyclical breast pain
This type of breast pain is often more difficult to treat, but in many cases it does tend to improve with time. It is sometimes a symptom of a fairly common condition called Tietze's disease, a mild form of arthritis which affects the cartilage between the ends of the ribs and the breastbone. The pain this causes in the chest wall can be mistaken for pain in the breast.
Good breast support with a well-fitting bra, aspirin, and possibly evening primrose oil may be effective in the treatment of this type of breast pain.
Non-cyclical breast pain can also be referred pain from another problem such as a frozen shoulder, a wry neck or twisted back. It can also be due to infection by a virus which attacks the muscles. These causes will have to be excluded. Nevertheless, there is often no underlying cause for non-cyclical breast pain, which can be severe.
Pain may also accompany some of the conditions described below, although other symptoms and signs are likely to be apparent.
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